Sharia Financial Management Alternative Sources In Encouraging MSME Expansion In Indonesian

Penulis: Desi Sari Ayuni Mahasiswi Institut Agama Islam Negeri Langsa

MSMEs are at the forefront of the world economy as well as Indonesia, because the economy of a country must have a solid foundation to make its people prosperous and one of the forces that can improve a country’s economy is based on MSMEs, then comes to mind, why? What are the basic reasons for MSMEs to become the main pillars of the economy? Surely these questions continue to run in our minds and it’s no wonder sometimes the fronts between minds continue to stick out, the answer is clear because through MSMEs tens and even hundreds of jobs are created so that people who are not absorbed under the auspices of government or private companies are able to generate financially through MSMEs that are controlled by the government.

Established, it is clear that MSMEs have a very high role in advancing the Indonesian economy. In recruiting
workers or employees, MSMEs do not have high standards so that it is easy for everyone to find work through
these MSMEs and without realizing it really helps the country’s poverty problem. Currently, Indonesia has 64.2
million units of MSMEs which have been spread almost all over the country, and almost all businesses in Indonesia are dominated by the MSME sector.

From this productivity figure, Indonesian MSMEs should have a major contribution in advancing the Indonesian economy and make the poverty rate in Indonesia continue to decline because the jobs it creates are able to reduce the poverty rate, but in fact a myriad of problems are still emerging in the control or operation of MSMEs themselves.

Its still not certain that the main cause of the problem has not been resolved, but it
cannot be denied that these problems originate from the internal and external problems of the MSMEs themselves, which causes MSMEs to sometimes find it difficult to develop or even relatively slow development.

One of the problem factors that almost all MSMEs feel is the difficulty of managing the money they get and also they often neglect the bookkeeping process or recording every transaction in and out of funds.

From these problems, it is clear that the use of money by MSMEs is unwise and messy. Without realizing that the problems that arise as a result of finances or finances are roots that continue to spread if they are not
handled continuously, because finance is the heart of every business activity, it is necessary to use finance properly and manage it according to needs and priorities so as to prioritize and consider matters basis, it can advance and develop the MSMEs.

Islamic Financial Management has a very important role, the market is by managing money so that MSME actors can control financial flows well, of course in financial management basic things are needed that must be applied, for example, must comply with the provisions and demands and recommendations of Islamic law, starting from how to get the money and how to manage it based on Islamic advice. In general, Islamic financial management is about how MSME actors control the management of the money and assets they get which is then followed up by how they manage it and use the money, so that with the existence of a Syariah
Finance system on MSMEs, they are able to add awareness to MSME leaders about managing finances well and not neglecting the basic components applied in Islamic law. In managing finances, there are several elements that are very necessary and must be considered in as much detail as possible regarding how the owner invests his money and so on. In the case of MSMEs themselves, investment is something that is foreign to the perpetrators, this is because the income of MSMEs is very limited and is considered very minimal from large
scale companies so of course they do not think about investing the results of their hard work, all they think about is how earn more money to make ends meet.

In establishing a business or MSME capital is the most concrete problem that often occurs and makes it an obstacle and even an obstacle that must be faced by MSME actors, where the majority of MSME owners have their basic capital from borrowing from a financial institution, both formal and non-formal financial institutions, and usually they prefer to make lending transactions to non-formal institutions, because borrowing money from non-formal institutions has an uncomplicated process so that MSME actors decide to borrow from moneylenders even though they know that the interest charged is so high that the range can be adjusted.

Reaching 20% of the total loans lent but they still choose moneys because the process is very easy and uncomplicated, and in the end MSMEs have a negative impact because they borrow from moneylenders because when they are due they are to pay without any reason. MSME traders do not specify that their wares will have fans every day, and if they get a profit they have to cover their forest. From these very complex
problems, BMT as a microfinance institution provides solutions that can help MSME actors to obtain capital
without interest and use Islamic principles.

Talking about the financial condition of MSMEs cannot be separated from the problems that continue to stick out and raise question marks in it. This problem does not just arise due to the administrative complexity in managing the business, but the problem arises from how MSME actors do not understand the financial management they generate from each sale and purchase transaction. The reason is that the financial cases that
occur to MSME actors are not only limited to wrong and less significant management, but the lack of knowledge they get in the process of recording transaction activities on every sale and purchase they do, as a result, the recording becomes neglected, expenses and income become unstable, the flow of cash flows with unclear directions, even though there are many ways and options that can be done by MSME actors in an effort to implement accounting, namely accounting that can be used easily to understand and understand.

One of the reasons MSMEs ignore this is due to the assumptions of those who consider the accounting application difficult. In fact, several studies explain that applying accounting to MSMEs is not as complicated as accounting for large companies. In implementing recording, MSMEs must pay attention to several aspects.

First, MSME actors must record every expenditure that occurs every day, month, even yearly. Expenditures that
are recorded are operational costs, purchases of raw materials, to the salaries of the employees which then the
process can be grouped into one table with the aim of knowing how much money has been spent.

Second, as important as recording the expenses of the MSME owners, MSMEs must record all income generated from the sale of a product and service offered in another notebook or on another sheet in the same book.

Third, to combine both expenditure and income records, MSME actors must also have a ledger to find out the benefits derived from these business activities. Fourth, MSME actors must have a book that records the stock of goods whose main purpose is to provide information regarding the availability of goods, especially in the field of buying and selling.

Living in the current era of digitization is actually very easy for MSME actors to do bookkeeping. This is because there are many applications offered through smartphones in carrying out the bookkeeping or recording process, and in operation it is also fairly easy and can be downloaded for free. One of the main factors for MSME actors apart from the difficult and complicated implementation is that not a few MSME actors are
unfamiliar with technology or in other languages, so that their smartphones are not able to provide advantages that can help in improving their MSMEs. Basically, MSME actors have two choices in implementing the accounting system they want to implement, namely conventional accounting and sharia accounting.

Sharia accounting is an accounting concept, system and technique that helps an institution or organization to keep its
goals, functions and operations running in accordance with sharia provisions, able to maintain the rights of stockholders in it and encourage institutions to achieve true prosperity in the world and hereafter.

One of the added values in providing blessings for implementing the sharia accounting system is that there is an element of truth in it. The intended truth is the truth in applying and carrying out the recording process, correct in the transaction process where the goods being traded do not have or contain things that are prohibited by Islam. In Islamic financial management, it has been explained how a person is able to manage the money or assets they have but by using methods that are justified by Allah. The majority of MSME actors do
not understand and do not care about this, this is because the income they get is only limited to financing their daily lives and little to fulfill their wishes. The rules and rules of consumption in the Islamic economic system adhere to the notion of balance in various norms of life, so that MSME actors can balance their needs and invest.

In this phenomenon, MSME actors can use their investment costs as initial capital in increasing the existing MSMEs or creating other types of businesses that can increase income.